Showing posts with label duty : between VE n CTG | guidelines. Show all posts
Showing posts with label duty : between VE n CTG | guidelines. Show all posts

Feb 13, 2012

Perimortem C-Section in maternal collapse

Read and learnt something new today.

Perimortem Caesarean Section should be undertaken for if gestation more than 20weeks with futile CPR for 4minutes, and to be performed by 5minutes of resuscitation. It should not be delayed by moving the woman, it should be performed where the resuscitation take place.

Before the C-Section procedure, if it can be done swiftly, a sonogram technician will conduct an ultrasound exam to evaluate the fetal growth and the site of the placenta. The result of the ultrasound exam will serve as a guide for the pediatric team and so that the surgery can be performed without any extra surprises.

Benefits of perimortem Caesarean Section includes
  • reduces oxygen consumption (no more oxygen consumption by fetoplacenta unit)
  • improves venous/cardiac output (no more aortocaval compression)
  • facilitates chest compression (allow heart compression through diaphragm*)
  • makes ventilation easier (no more diaphragmatic splinting, reduced progesterone: normalization of the increased tidal volume and minute respiration)
* After the delivery, place the hand behind the heart (with diaphragm closed) and compressing it against the posterior aspect of anterior chest wall. This improves cardiac output beyond that achieved with closed chest compressions.

this is the coolest - almost Matrix-like. watch 1:44 to 1:47, 2:45 to 2:48



Source: GTG56 Maternal collapse by RCOG, UK

Jul 21, 2011

acute uterine inversion

presented in conjunction with the presentation on our dept's recent experience with this rare but life-threatening obstetrics emergency.

here's an update

Dec 23, 2009

Beware, father-to-be!!

Pregnancy itself lets the ladies brag themselves to heaven that they are one facing the real deal all by themselves. They're not wrong in bragging. The whole deal of being gravid definitely took them in for a rollercoaster ride filled with danger and not to mention, the agony of pain, one way or another.
Mr. Fantastic


As for the husband or the male partner (if one not married) takes the toll mainly from all the psychological stress due to emotional rantings or the never-ending effort of getting palatable dishes to fulfill the exceptional choice of food during pregnancy. I am making a general statement after talking to several fathers-to-be, definitely without any special reference to myself.

However, something that is for real. Of my knowledge, the male partner can also suffer from

1. Couvade syndrome - excessive vomiting when wife's in first trimester (first few months of pregnancy) - well, at least I had known two of my colleagues had it...
.. Studies have shown that the male partner cohabitating with a pregnant female will experience hormonal shifts in his prolactin, cortisol, estradiol and testosterone typically starting at the end of the first trimester and continuing through several weeks post-partum. Suggested explanations of how and why this occurs include an interaction of factors (some of which are little-researched) such as pheromones, circadian rhythms, simple stress, and mitogenetics. It has been suggested that spouse sleep disturbances may affect the neurohormonal. One possible mechanism is the increased basal estrogen levels from peripheral conversion of testosterone by adipose tissue. To date no biologic target has been identified as a cause of this pain syndrome levels...

Milk Drop
2. Male postpartum depression - depression after wife's delivery.
... We don’t know the exact prevalence of male postpartum depression; studies have used different methods and diagnostic criteria. Dr. Paul G. Ramchandani, a psychiatrist at the University of Oxford in England who did a study based on 26,000 parents, reported in The Lancet in 2005 that 4 percent of fathers had clinically significant depressive symptoms within eight weeks of the birth of their children. But one thing is clear: It isn’t something most people, including physicians, have ever heard of....

.... By far the strongest predictor of paternal postpartum depression is having a depressed partner. In one study, fathers whose partners were also depressed were at nearly two and a half times the normal risk for depression. That was a critical finding, for clinicians tend to assume that men can easily step up to the plate and help fill in for a depressed mother. In fact, they too may be stressed and vulnerable to depression....

Cutting the edge

Dec 19, 2009

sex in the clinic

I think my title should be clearer. It should read ‘identifying sex in the clinic’.

If you fella open this entry for the wrong reasons, may god bless you.

The awesome thing about O&G is like you’re playing a bit of everything.

We can operate like a surgeon, dispense like a physician, give advice on women’s health like a public health officer and lastly do scan like a radiologist. I know you’re wondering what’s with my obsession with role-playing.

Probably one may put it that we’re ‘Jack of All Trades’ and I think you know what follows.

But I believe (wholeheartedly, if not, more), that we’re not master of none, but rather we’re master of jack of all trades, and some of the senior consultant or professors that I knew have truly escalated themselves to being master of all trades, like Prof Abrahams.

Going through the 4 months posting in O&G, a house officer not necessary able to equip himself with the adequate scan skills especially if that person has no vision. No vision that one day, without an interest and a reasonable basis to be retained in the hospital, or due to unforeseen administrative decision, he or she will be sent to a district clinic to run the mother and child clinic. It is there when he will be conducting scan for a big crowd of pregnant (and sometimes grumpy) mothers. At that point, they will probably proceed without sufficient scan skills and simply main hentam, till they were being given the privilege and proper training in the obstetric scan course, or they have a really nice, caring, dedicated, honorable family medicine specialist to teach them without any remuneration.

But one thing that basic obstetric scan course may not cover is how to scan for sex. I mean, the politically-correct word to be used is ‘gender’. Most of us learn how to scan for singleton or twin, location of placenta, presentation, fetal heart, amniotic fluid index and the growth parameters such as CRL, BPD, AC, FL, HC and etc, because those are the essentials that will ultimately interfere in the management of this pregnant lady to safeguard the best delivery scenario for the mother and the baby.

Now after saying that, I think most of the mothers couldn’t care less about those parameters that we’re saying. Their main concerns can be summarized into two.

One, “Is my baby healthy/normal?”

Often the misleading “Yes” can be interpreted as baby’s totally healthy without any disease by the general public. A screening of parameters and amniotic fluid index, may only tell us that baby is generally well, but only detailed anomaly of some organs or minor physical anomaly ie the existence of extra digits can only be excluded by a ‘detail scan’ which must be done by an experienced person or the fetomaternal consultants. Even if the detail scan is a clean sheet, it can confidently promise a physically-normal baby but, the baby may also still be abnormal, ie having endocrine disease, psychologically-twisted or perhaps just born evil. The usual term would be ‘prognosis is guarded’. Guarded by who? No, I don’t have the answer for this one.

Second, “Boy or Girl?”

Now the importance being put on this question differs from one person to another.

Once I had this interesting interaction with this elderly mother.
She: I know you can see whether boy or girl?

Me: How?

She: you see something with the legs.

Me: Oh… ok…

She: So what is that something with the legs?

Me: Oh it is that something between the legs.

She: What?

Me: Err. The genitals, between the legs, of course.

She: Oh.

Technically, being a boy or a girl doesn’t really matters in the aspect of the health.

Is boy stronger than girl? Or otherwise?

Therefore inadequacy or when luck is not on your side, inability to inform the anxious couple from the ultrasound seems to cause disappointment in the couple and frustration in the doctors. This frustration may sometimes lead to destructive statement like, “Oh, jika perempuan, tak mau ke? (Oh, if a girl, you don’t want her?”. Maybe in China, with a one child policy, the ultrasound ability to know the sex early may have a remarkable impact, in which a female fetus may not even make it to see the sunlight.

In actual fact, knowing ‘sex’ may have several benefits as well, in our setting.

1. Social reasons. Somehow one way or another, telling the mother the sex of the baby does open up lots of conversation and trivial talk. Usually I would only give them a ‘maybe’ as in “maybe a girl or maybe a boy, you know this scan is black and white, can’t really tell for sure”. And once, I had a lady just after delivery smiled and told me “Scan u betul lar. Memang lelaki (Your scan is correct, really a boy)”
I overheard what my specialist Dr R once said to a pregnant mother.
She: So, Dr. R, is it a boy or girl?
R: Scan shows probably a boy
She: really?
R: Well, it looks like boy, it sounds like a boy, but still may not be a boy. (Lingamgate)

2. Economy reasons. The expectant parents can start buying clothings and stuff like blue for the boy, or red/pink for the girl. Some parents want to buy definite stuff and don’t really go for neutral colours like green, yellow or purple.

3. Family planning reason. Simple actually, no matter how modern our world is, there are still parents who would continue the waiting game, or rather the producing game until they have both – a boy and a girl. There after 4 girls, and getting to know for sure (or 99%) that their 5th child is a boy, they can probably contemplate on permanent contraception like tubal ligation, which can be done simultaneously in case the mother end up with emergency C-Section.

What are the signs we really see to determine sex?

For the boys, we’ll see the ‘sausage with eggs’,

The image “http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/vr/dd/tell-sex-baby-ultrasound-200X200.jpg” cannot be displayed, because it contains errors.

while for the girls, we’ll see ‘burger’,

It's a girl!  Twin B - 18 Week Ultrasound

which is the ultrasound signs of the genitalia.

No wonder, the young generations (even some old ones) are fonder in taking them in, savoring and enjoying like food.

OK. Bad joke. Apology.

Dec 5, 2009

tips for the driving mother

The lucky survivor(s) commented:

I was in a rollover car accident when I was nearly eight months pregnant with my second son. The car skidded on some ice, rolled down a hill and flipped over, landing on its roof.

The car was totaled - axles snapped, roof caved in, broken glass everywhere.

I had my seat belt on, worn properly and was uninjured. The baby was born two months later without incident. He’s a sophomore in college now - an intelligent, friendly kid who is also a talented musician.

I knew we were lucky, but now I realize just how lucky we were.

But one wonder what is the real thing that a pregnant lady should do to prevent oneself from car accidents which was rather rampant in our country, especially during the festive season.

Personally, the worst case that I had experienced with, was when I was the green house officer back in the old hospy. The mother was the one on the driving wheel, and the next moment, she was admitted with some abdominal pain, but definitely still lucid. Our best bet was then, on severe preterm labour, but then again, the ultrasound lined out one hell of a horror tale. The whole baby and some parts of the placenta was already outside of the uterus, with the fetal heart still beating.Without further delay, we knifed the abdomen, and fortunately, the mother went into the stats as another 'near miss'.

Although not a professional site, but I guess the advices given was quite valid and sound-minded.

A summary of what the pregnant lady should do:

1. drive responsibly. (no drink and/before drive, no handphones, no sms, no speeding, no orthodox life-threatening stunts)


http://www.caradvice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2007/05/womendriver.jpg

the wrong way.

2. wear the seatbelt PROPERLY. (3 point belt is the best, one across the shoulder, the other on the lap, NOT across the abdomen)

http://images.teamsugar.com/files/upl0/10/109609/12_2008/seatbelt.jpg

Stock Photo titled: Pregnant Woman Driving Car Using Seat Belt, USE OF THIS IMAGE WITHOUT PERMISSION IS PROHIBITED

CORRECT: baby-friendly.


Pregnant woman putting on seatbelt in car

WRONG: Feticidal.

3. best coupled with the airbag

The image “http://www.dodge.com/shared/2007/nitro/safety_security/air_bag_protection/images/lb_airbags.jpg” cannot be displayed, because it contains errors.

4. as far possible from the steering wheel (Some vehicles have a button to adjust the height of the brake and gas pedal so shorter people don’t have to sit so close to the steering wheel. And there are after-market pedal extenders.)

http://www.pedalextenders.net/gas%20extender%20for%20hang%20card.jpg


Jun 4, 2009

flying mothers

http://blogs.voices.com/voxdaily/mother-daughter-flying.jpg
Now everyone can fly... Not true for some pregnant ladies...


Some time ago, my colleague, C sitting opposite me in clinic was asked by the patient for a memo for flying, i mean, going on a ride on airplane back to her hometown at the other side of south china sea.

C looked at me, and I looked back at her.

"Probably she'll just need a memo,C. You think she is safe to fly?"
"I think she's safe. I will just write a memo."

Just two days ago, on flight, enroute to the land below the winds for OGSM (read carefully: not orgasm) conference, the onboard mag travel3sixty had a rather nice article shedding lights upon some technical procedures and rules for pregnant mothers going on an aircraft.

that article was nicely written by Captain Lim. Captain Lim got his own site, and probably you can ask just about anything about flying.

the article in summary:

if the gestation of the baby is
  • less than 28weeks: the mother has to sign release and indemnity form.
  • 28 to 34weeks: the mother has to present a medical certificate (within 1 week of validity) stating the due date and the fitness, and to sign the release and indemnity form.
  • more than 34weeks: not allow to fly.
as for on board delivery
  • place of birth = place of disembark for the airplane
  • nationality = place of registered for the airplane
  • but no true consensus, therefore technically easier if nationality follows the mother.
  • as for the free for life flying for the 'plane baby', it is completely just a rumor and though there are instances of such with Thai Airways and Asia Pacific Airways, but those are purely at discretion of the flight company if the baby brings good luck or fortune within their culture.
Therefore, not everyone can fly, not if you gotta 35weeker solid passenger within you.


Apr 24, 2009

best position in 1st stage of labor

RCOG statement

15/04/2009 - 00:01

A recent Cochrane review found that women who assume upright positions during the first stage of labour - such as walking, sitting, standing or kneeling as opposed to lying down - experience a shorter first stage of labour. The review also found that women who laboured in upright positions were less likely to seek pain relief through epidural analgesia.

The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) encourages women to mobilise and remain upright as much as possible during the first stage of labour. It is likely that being upright helps that baby's head to descend and turn into the right position. The pressure of the baby’s head on the cervix may also help to strengthen contractions.

In the past, traditional epidural methods meant that it was impossible for women to walk around. However, most hospitals now offer a mobile epidural, which allows women to walk around and remain upright. A mobile epidural contains a different mixture of medication, providing pain relief while limiting loss of sensation in the legs. It is consequently possible for most women to choose pain relief and to remain mobile during the first stage of labour.

Fetal monitoring need not interfere with mobility. Intermittent monitoring of the baby is recommended for low-risk women, while high-risk women may require continuous monitoring. Fetal monitoring equipment can be attached by a lead that allows for freedom of movement. All women having a vaginal birth are encouraged to ambulate during the first stage of labour, provided that they feel capable of doing so. The RCOG recommends that women be encouraged to assume whatever position is most comfortable to them.

Reference

Lawrence A, et al. Maternal positions and mobility during first stage of labor. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Issue 2, 2009.